隨著電(dian)力電(dian)子技(ji)術的發(fa)展(zhan)和創(chuang)新，使(shi)得(de)開關電(dian)源(yuan)技(ji)術也在(zai)不(bu)斷地(di)創(chuang)新。目前，開關電(dian)源(yuan)以(yi)小型、輕量和高功率(lv)的特色被廣泛應用(yong)簡直(zhi)一切的電(dian)子設(she)備，是當(dang)今電(dian)子信息產業飛(fei)速發(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)可短少(shao)的一種電(dian)源(yuan)方式。

現代開關電源有兩種(zhong)：一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)直流開關電源；另一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)溝通(tong)開關電源。

這兒首(shou)要介紹的僅僅直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，其功用是將電(dian)(dian)(dian)能質(zhi)量較(jiao)差的原生(sheng)態電(dian)(dian)(dian)源（粗電(dian)(dian)(dian)），如(ru)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源或蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，轉(zhuan)換成滿足設(she)備(bei)要求的質(zhi)量較(jiao)高的直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的核心(xin)是DC/DC轉(zhuan)換器。

因而直(zhi)(zhi)流開關電源的分(fen)類(lei)是(shi)(shi)依靠DC/DC轉換器分(fen)類(lei)的。也便是(shi)(shi)說，直(zhi)(zhi)流開關電源的分(fen)類(lei)與DC/DC轉換器的分(fen)類(lei)是(shi)(shi)根本相同的，DC/DC轉換器的分(fen)類(lei)根本上便是(shi)(shi)直(zhi)(zhi) 流開關電源的分(fen)類(lei)。

開關電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)大(da)致由主電(dian)(dian)路(lu)、 操控電(dian)(dian)路(lu)、檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)、輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)四大(da)部份組成。

1、主電路

沖(chong)擊電流限(xian)幅：限(xian)制接(jie)通(tong)電源瞬間輸入(ru)側的(de)沖(chong)擊電流。

輸(shu)入濾波器(qi)：其作(zuo)用是過濾電網(wang)存在的(de)雜(za)波及阻止本機發生的(de)雜(za)波反應回電網(wang)。

整(zheng)流與濾波：將電(dian)網溝通電(dian)源(yuan)直接(jie)整(zheng)流為較(jiao)滑潤的(de)直流電(dian)。

逆變：將整流后(hou)的(de)直流電(dian)變為高(gao)頻(pin)溝通電(dian)，這是高(gao)頻(pin)開關電(dian)源的(de)核(he)心部(bu)分(fen)。

輸出整(zheng)流(liu)與濾(lv)波：依據(ju)負載(zai)需求，供給安穩牢靠的直流(liu)電源。

2、操控電路

一方(fang)面(mian)從(cong)輸(shu)出端(duan)取(qu)樣(yang)，與設定值進(jin)(jin)行(xing)比(bi)較，然后去操(cao)控(kong)逆變器(qi)，改動其脈寬(kuan)或脈頻，使輸(shu)出安穩，另一方(fang)面(mian)，依據測驗電(dian)路供給的(de)數據，經維(wei)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)路鑒別，供給操(cao)控(kong)電(dian)路對電(dian)源進(jin)(jin)行(xing)各種(zhong)維(wei)護(hu)(hu)措(cuo)施。

3、檢測電路

供給維(wei)護電路(lu)中正(zheng)在(zai)運轉中各(ge)種參數和(he)各(ge)種儀表數據。

4、輔助電源

完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的軟件（長途）發動，為維(wei)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)和操控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)（PWM等芯片）作業(ye)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

下面介紹一(yi)些(xie)關于開(kai)關電源一(yi)些(xie)規范的回答。

1、開關電(dian)源(yuan)變壓(ya)器假如用銅(tong)帶(dai)替代漆包(bao)線，其答應經過的(de)電(dian)流(liu)怎樣算？比如說(shuo)厚度為0.1mm的(de)銅(tong)帶(dai)，答應經過的(de)電(dian)流(liu)怎樣算？

回(hui)答(da)：假如開關電(dian)源變壓器(qi)用銅(tong)(tong)帶替代漆包線(xian)，銅(tong)(tong)帶（漆包線(xian)）的渦流(liu)損(sun)耗(hao)能夠大(da)大(da)將小(xiao)，作業頻(pin)率能夠相應進(jin)步，但(dan)直流(liu)損(sun)耗(hao)簡直不(bu)(bu)變，銅(tong)(tong)帶答(da)應經過的電(dian)流(liu)密度一(yi)般仍是不(bu)(bu)要(yao)超過4.5A/平方毫米。電(dian)流(liu)密度等于(yu)電(dian)流(liu)除與以導(dao)體的截面(mian)積，導(dao)體的截面(mian)積等于(yu)厚（0.1mm）乘以寬（銅(tong)(tong)帶的寬度）。

2、電源(yuan)開(kai)關溝(gou)通(tong)回路和整流器的溝(gou)通(tong)回路是(shi)最容易發生電磁攪擾(rao)的嗎？

回(hui)答(da)：開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁攪擾(rao)最(zui)嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方是(shi)開關(guan)變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)(de)(de)初、次級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)組成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，但(dan)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)攪擾(rao)會(hui)經(jing)過感應對(dui)(dui)其它(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)發(fa)生輻射(she)和(he)傳(chuan)導攪擾(rao)，傳(chuan)導攪擾(rao)和(he)輻射(she)攪擾(rao)最(zui)嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)(xian)，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)(xian)很(hen)(hen)容(rong)易(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)為輻射(she)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)半波(bo)振子(zi)天線(xian)(xian)，別的(de)(de)(de)(de)它(ta)又與外線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)進行(xing)銜接，很(hen)(hen)容(rong)易(yi)把(ba)攪擾(rao)信號傳(chuan)輸給其它(ta)設備。所以在開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸入(ru)端必定要對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)(xian)進行(xing)有用(yong)隔離。

3、下降變壓器(qi)的溫(wen)升有什么具體方法(fa)？

回答：下降(jiang)變壓(ya)(ya)溫升的(de)(de)方法一(yi)個是下降(jiang)變壓(ya)(ya)器磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯的(de)(de)**磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通(tong)增量（Bm）的(de)(de)取值，由于(yu)變壓(ya)(ya)器磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯的(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)（磁(ci)(ci)(ci)滯(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)和(he)渦流(liu)(liu)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)）與磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通(tong)密(mi)(mi)度的(de)(de)平方成正(zheng)比；另(ling)一(yi)個是下降(jiang)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)作業(ye)頻率，由于(yu)變壓(ya)(ya)器磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯的(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)（磁(ci)(ci)(ci)滯(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)和(he)渦流(liu)(liu)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)）與作業(ye)頻率成正(zheng)比；再一(yi)個是下降(jiang)線(xian)圈的(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)，線(xian)圈的(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)（首要是渦流(liu)(liu)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)），線(xian)圈的(de)(de)渦流(liu)(liu)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)與集膚(fu)效應損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)也(ye)與作業(ye)頻率成正(zheng)比，下降(jiang)線(xian)圈的(de)(de)直流(liu)(liu)損(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)必須下降(jiang)導線(xian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)密(mi)(mi)度，一(yi)般漆包線(xian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)密(mi)(mi)度不(bu)能超過(guo)4.5A/平方毫米。

4、反激式開關(guan)電源(yuan)的占空(kong)比是怎樣(yang)改變(bian)的？

回答(da)：反激式開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)占(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)首要由輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源管(guan)的(de)(de)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)來決議，當輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)改(gai)(gai)(gai)變(bian)時占(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)也要跟著改(gai)(gai)(gai)變(bian)。例如(ru)當輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為AC260V時，假如(ru)電(dian)(dian)源開關(guan)管(guan)的(de)(de)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為650V，則占(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)大(da)為0.306；當輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為AC170V時，占(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)大(da)約為0.5；當輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于AC170V時，占(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)大(da)于0.5。但(dan)不管(guan)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)這樣(yang)改(gai)(gai)(gai)變(bian)，開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源都會經(jing)過改(gai)(gai)(gai)動占(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)來大(da)到安(an)穩（或改(gai)(gai)(gai)動）輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)數值。

5、正激和反激的區別首要在(zai)哪？

回答：正(zheng)(zheng)激式(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)管(guan)導通的時(shi)(shi)分，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)向(xiang)擔任供(gong)(gong)給功(gong)率輸(shu)(shu)出，而關(guan)斷的時(shi)(shi)分沒有(you)功(gong)率輸(shu)(shu)出。反激式(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)(zheng)好(hao)(hao)相(xiang)(xiang)反，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)管(guan)導通時(shi)(shi)只(zhi)向(xiang)變壓器(qi)存儲能量，沒有(you)給負(fu)載(zai)供(gong)(gong)給功(gong)率輸(shu)(shu)出，僅在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)管(guan)關(guan)斷時(shi)(shi)才向(xiang)負(fu)載(zai)供(gong)(gong)給輸(shu)(shu)出。正(zheng)(zheng)激式(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是取整(zheng)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的平(ping)(ping)均值，反激式(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是取整(zheng)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的半波平(ping)(ping)均值，兩種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)(shu)出的相(xiang)(xiang)位正(zheng)(zheng)好(hao)(hao)相(xiang)(xiang)反。

6、具體講講環路的設計(ji)

回(hui)答：反應(ying)環(huan)路的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)，既不(bu)是越(yue)大(da)(da)越(yue)好，也不(bu)是越(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)越(yue)好。當(dang)反應(ying)環(huan)路的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)過(guo)高(gao)時(shi)，輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)會(hui)圍(wei)繞著平均值(zhi)來(lai)回(hui)盯梢，輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)上下動(dong)(dong)搖很(hen)(hen)厲害，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)越(yue)高(gao)，動(dong)(dong)搖的(de)起伏就越(yue)大(da)(da)，嚴峻時(shi)會(hui)呈(cheng)現振動(dong)(dong)；當(dang)反應(ying)環(huan)路的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)過(guo)低時(shi)，輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)又(you)會(hui)不(bu)安穩(wen)，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)盯梢不(bu)到位，會(hui)存(cun)在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)滯后差(cha)錯(cuo)。為了(le)使輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)安穩(wen)，但又(you)不(bu)發生振動(dong)(dong)，一(yi)般都(dou)把(ba)反應(ying)環(huan)路分(fen)(fen)紅三個(ge)回(hui)路來(lai)組(zu)成，一(yi)個(ge)回(hui)路用(yong)來(lai)決議微分(fen)(fen)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)的(de)巨細，另一(yi)個(ge)回(hui)路用(yong)來(lai)決議積分(fen)(fen)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)的(de)巨細，還有一(yi)個(ge)是決議直流(liu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)的(de)巨細。這樣做的(de)目的(de)是，在(zai)差(cha)錯(cuo)信號很(hen)(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)時(shi)分(fen)(fen)，環(huan)路增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)，而在(zai)差(cha)錯(cuo)小(xiao)(xiao)號很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)時(shi)分(fen)(fen)環(huan)路增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)又(you)會(hui)變小(xiao)(xiao)，即(ji)差(cha)錯(cuo)放大(da)(da)器(qi)的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)是動(dong)(dong)態的(de)。細心調節(jie)這三個(ge)反應(ying)環(huan)路的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)，就能夠完(wan)成開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源既安穩(wen)，又(you)不(bu)呈(cheng)現振動(dong)(dong)。

7、反激電源開關(guan)MOS怎樣(yang)降(jiang)到**？特(te)別是(shi)在硬開關(guan)條件下。

回答：下降占空比，但占空比太低，電源的(de)作業功率(lv)大(da)大(da)下降，電壓調整規模也會減小。

8、銅(tong)箔(bo)損耗占電源損耗比例約為多少？

回答：十分小(xiao)，假如銅(tong)箔損耗大，銅(tong)箔的(de)(de)(de)溫升會很高，假如超(chao)過80度，銅(tong)箔的(de)(de)(de)油漆會發黃。但(dan)也只(zhi)相當(dang)于一個1～3瓦(wa)左右的(de)(de)(de)金屬膜電阻在相同溫升時的(de)(de)(de)損耗。

9、驅動波形巨(ju)細波問題是什(shen)么(me)原因引起的(de)(de)(de)？？電(dian)源在低壓(ya)(ya)AC85-120V的(de)(de)(de)時分輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)驅動都(dou)很正常，，當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)變為120-150V的(de)(de)(de)時分，驅動呈現巨(ju)細波，輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)流(liu)明顯(xian)下降。當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)再次(ci)提升(sheng)到150V-265V的(de)(de)(de)時分，驅動波形的(de)(de)(de)頻率徹(che)底不對(dui)頭(tou)了，輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)也(ye)不對(dui)了。

回答：假(jia)如(ru)驅(qu)動電(dian)路(lu)采用(yong)電(dian)容或(huo)變(bian)壓器輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)，會(hui)(hui)呈(cheng)現這(zhe)種情況，由于電(dian)容或(huo)變(bian)壓器傳輸(shu)波(bo)形(xing)（信(xin)號(hao)時），信(xin)號(hao)中不能含有(you)直流重量，假(jia)如(ru)含有(you)直流重量，輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)波(bo)形(xing)將呈(cheng)現嚴峻失真，只要驅(qu)動電(dian)路(lu)的輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)波(bo)形(xing)，其占空(kong)比(bi)為0.5時，輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)波(bo)形(xing)才(cai)不會(hui)(hui)發生失真，而占空(kong)比(bi)過大(da)或(huo)過小，都(dou)會(hui)(hui)呈(cheng)現失真。

10、關于(yu)整(zheng)流(liu)橋(qiao)的(de)(de)挑(tiao)選，不同的(de)(de)功率選怎(zen)樣樣的(de)(de)整(zheng)流(liu)橋(qiao)？一款30W的(de)(de)電(dian)源，用了(le)3A700V的(de)(de)整(zheng)流(liu)橋(qiao)，發現整(zheng)流(liu)橋(qiao)很燙，沒幾分鐘(zhong)溫度就大約有60多度了(le)。這個引起整(zheng)流(liu)橋(qiao)發燙的(de)(de)原因有哪些？

回(hui)答：整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)(er)極(ji)管的挑(tiao)選首(shou)要是依據流(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)(er)極(ji)管的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)巨細和耐壓(ya)還有作業(ye)頻率這(zhe)三個參(can)數來決議(yi)，進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)參(can)數設(she)計時(shi)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)(er)極(ji)管的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)一般只能(neng)取標稱(cheng)值（25℃時(shi)）的三分之一，由于流(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)(er)極(ji)管的作業(ye)溫度或許會上升到(dao)80℃以上。假(jia)如整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)(er)極(ji)管的導(dao)(dao)通和關斷速度很低(di)，它在電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)反(fan)向的情況下還會導(dao)(dao)通一段(duan)時(shi)刻(ke)，即反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)十分大，這(zhe)樣整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)(er)極(ji)管也會發熱。整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)橋發熱或許屬于后一種情況。

11、反應環路設(she)計以及補(bu)償怎(zen)樣入(ru)手(shou)？

回(hui)答：反應(ying)環(huan)(huan)路的增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)，既不(bu)(bu)是(shi)越(yue)大(da)(da)越(yue)好，也不(bu)(bu)是(shi)越(yue)小越(yue)好。當反應(ying)環(huan)(huan)路的增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)過(guo)高(gao)時，輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)會(hui)圍繞(rao)著平均值上下動(dong)搖，增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)越(yue)高(gao)，動(dong)搖的起伏就越(yue)大(da)(da)，嚴(yan)峻時會(hui)呈現振(zhen)動(dong)；當反應(ying)環(huan)(huan)路的增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)過(guo)低(di)時，輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)又會(hui)不(bu)(bu)安穩(wen)。為了使輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)安穩(wen)，但(dan)又不(bu)(bu)發生振(zhen)動(dong)，一(yi)般都把反應(ying)環(huan)(huan)路分(fen)紅(hong)三(san)個(ge)回(hui)路來組成(cheng)，一(yi)個(ge)回(hui)路用來決議(yi)微分(fen)增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)的巨細(xi)，另一(yi)個(ge)回(hui)路用來決議(yi)積分(fen)增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)的巨細(xi)，還有一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)決議(yi)直流(liu)增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)的巨細(xi)。細(xi)心調節這三(san)個(ge)反應(ying)環(huan)(huan)路的增(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)，就能夠(gou)完(wan)成(cheng)開關電(dian)源既安穩(wen)，又不(bu)(bu)呈現振(zhen)動(dong)。

12、DC TO DC功率有點(dian)低，怎(zen)樣(yang)處理(li)呢？

回(hui)答：把(ba)(ba)作(zuo)業頻率下(xia)降，或把(ba)(ba)電源開(kai)(kai)關(guan)管換成(cheng)一個高速開(kai)(kai)關(guan)管，別的(de)還能夠(gou)把(ba)(ba)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)體積加大，把(ba)(ba)**磁(ci)通密(mi)(mi)度（Bm）的(de)取值下(xia)降，即把(ba)(ba)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)變(bian)壓(ya)器初級線(xian)圈的(de)匝(za)數添加，由于開(kai)(kai)關(guan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)磁(ci)滯損耗和渦(wo)流(liu)損耗與(yu)作(zuo)業頻率成(cheng)正比(bi)，與(yu)**磁(ci)通密(mi)(mi)度增量的(de)平方成(cheng)正比(bi)。

13、怎樣(yang)核算最(zui)小直流電壓(ya)的(de)？

回(hui)答：看(kan)“最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)”是(shi)指哪方面。假(jia)如(ru)是(shi)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)輸入(ru)(ru)(ru)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，一般可依據**輸入(ru)(ru)(ru)溝通電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)換算得來(lai)，比(bi)如(ru)，**輸入(ru)(ru)(ru)溝通電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)AC100V（有用值），則(ze)換算為(wei)**直(zhi)流輸入(ru)(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)大約為(wei)120V（取平均(jun)值），由于整流濾波(bo)后(hou)**值為(wei)140V，**值為(wei)100V，取平均(jun)值便是(shi)120V。假(jia)如(ru)最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)晶(jing)體管(guan)(guan)自激式開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)正反應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，則(ze)此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)**選為(wei)晶(jing)管(guan)(guan)導(dao)通時(shi)作(zuo)業電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)2倍(bei)，而留(liu)1倍(bei)作(zuo)為(wei)可調整的(de)余量用。假(jia)如(ru)最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)場(chang)效(xiao)應(ying)管(guan)(guan)驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)作(zuo)業電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，則(ze)此(ci)作(zuo)業電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)**不能小(xiao)于16V，由于，大功(gong)率(lv)場(chang)效(xiao)應(ying)管(guan)(guan)深度飽(bao)滿需(xu)求的(de)驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)在12V以上(shang)（**為(wei)20V）。

14、反(fan)激式變壓器電源輸出側有毛(mao)刺，且(qie)毛(mao)刺的頻率(lv)和(he)原邊開關頻率(lv)相同，怎樣消除毛(mao)刺呢(ni)？

回答：在次級整流與濾波(bo)電(dian)容之間串(chuan)了一個小電(dian)感，但電(dian)感流過(guo)直(zhi)流時不能飽滿(man)，這種電(dian)感的(de)磁回路(lu)不能用封閉式(shi)的(de)，必需(xu)要留(liu)有(you)很大的(de)氣(qi)隙。

15、反(fan)激(ji)式電(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關(guan)頻率怎(zen)樣(yang)優化(hua)挑選？VOR反(fan)激(ji)電(dian)壓怎(zen)樣(yang)優化(hua)設置(zhi)，在什么情況下最合(he)適？匝比怎(zen)樣(yang)**化(hua)核算？。

回答：反激式開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)作業(ye)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)挑選(xuan)(xuan)首(shou)要與開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)體(ti)積巨細有關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，而開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)又首(shou)要與開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)、開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)（磁滯損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)和(he)(he)(he)渦流損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)）有關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，這(zhe)兩者的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)均(jun)與頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)成正比(bi)。開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)首(shou)要由開(kai)通(tong)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)（導通(tong)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)）和(he)(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)(duan)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)（關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)）組成，開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導通(tong)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)越(yue)長，這(zhe)兩個損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)就越(yue)大(da)。一般大(da)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導通(tong)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)都(dou)比(bi)小功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導通(tong)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)長許(xu)多，所以大(da)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作業(ye)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)一般都(dou)獲得比(bi)較低。在(zai)考慮(lv)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)時(shi)，假如從開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)積和(he)(he)(he)本錢等方(fang)面考慮(lv)，**選(xuan)(xuan)作業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)為(wei)80%左(zuo)右較為(wei)合(he)適，此刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)大(da)約(yue)(yue)占總(zong)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)50%，開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)大(da)約(yue)(yue)占總(zong)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)30%，其(qi)他電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)大(da)約(yue)(yue)占總(zong)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)20%。開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)匝數比(bi)與輸(shu)入輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)值有關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，與開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)占空(kong)比(bi)有關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。

16、初(chu)期峰值(zhi)電(dian)流IP 和反激電(dian)壓(ya)VOR 以及**化的反激電(dian)源占空比怎樣設(she)定。

回答：反(fan)激式開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)初、次級(ji)線圈發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)激電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)巨細均(jun)與開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)有關(guan)，以(yi)及與輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)有關(guan)，在(zai)挑(tiao)選(xuan)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)時(shi)，必須考慮，初、級(ji)線圈發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)激電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)峰值與作業電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)（輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)）之(zhi)和不(bu)能超過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)關(guan)管耐壓(ya)(ya)Bvmax的(de)(de)(de)0.7倍，依據此條件（Bvmax）就能夠核算(suan)反(fan)激式開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)**輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)**占(zhan)(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)Dmax。例如，Bvmax為(wei)650V的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)關(guan)管，在(zai)輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)AC260V時(shi)，其占(zhan)(zhan)空(kong)比(bi)只能選(xuan)為(wei)0.306左右。

17、反(fan)激(ji)(ji)式電源開(kai)關頻率怎樣優化(hua)挑選？VOR反(fan)激(ji)(ji)電壓怎樣優化(hua)設置，在(zai)什(shen)么情況(kuang)下最合適(shi)？匝比怎樣**化(hua)核算(suan)？

回答：反激(ji)式開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)作(zuo)業(ye)頻率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑選(xuan)首要(yao)與開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，而開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)又(you)首要(yao)與開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)、開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)（磁(ci)滯(zhi)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)和(he)(he)渦(wo)流損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)）有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，這(zhe)兩者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)均與頻率(lv)(lv)成正比。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)首要(yao)由開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)（導(dao)通(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)）和(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)（關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)）組(zu)成，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)和(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)越長，這(zhe)兩個損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)就越大。一(yi)般大功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)和(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)都(dou)比小功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)和(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)長許多，所以大功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)頻率(lv)(lv)一(yi)般都(dou)獲得比較低。在考慮(lv)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，假如從開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體積和(he)(he)本錢(qian)等方(fang)面考慮(lv)，**選(xuan)作(zuo)業(ye)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)為80%左(zuo)右較為合適，此刻(ke)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)大約(yue)占(zhan)總(zong)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50%，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)大約(yue)占(zhan)總(zong)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)30%，其他(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)大約(yue)占(zhan)總(zong)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20%。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匝數比與輸入輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比值有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，與開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)空(kong)比有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。

18、反激(ji)式(shi)變壓器電源輸出側有毛刺(ci)(ci)，且(qie)毛刺(ci)(ci)的頻率(lv)和原邊開關頻率(lv)相同，怎樣消除毛刺(ci)(ci)呢？

回答：在次級整(zheng)流(liu)與(yu)濾波電(dian)容之間串了一個小電(dian)感，但電(dian)感流(liu)過直流(liu)時不能飽滿(man)，這種電(dian)感的磁回路(lu)不能用封閉式的，必需要(yao)留有很大的氣隙。